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During a record five back-to-back space walks totaling 35 hours and 28 minutes, two teams of astronauts completed the first servicing of the Hubble Space Telescope HST. In many instances, tasks were completed sooner than expected and a few contingencies that did arise were handled smoothly.

Hubble rendezvous, grapple and berthing occurred on flight day three, with Nicollier using the remote manipulator system arm to position the foot meter long Hubble upright in payload bay. After each servicing task completed, STOCC controllers verified electrical interfaces between replacement hardware and telescope. Only unexpected problem occurred when Hoffman and Musgrave had difficulty closing compartment doors after replacing RSUs.

Seven-hour, minute space walk second longest in U. One of primary servicing goals -- installation of new solar arrays -- accomplished during EVA 2, performed on flight day five by Thornton and Akers and lasting six hours, 35 minutes.

Timeline was re-worked to accommodate jettison of one of two original solar arrays, which could not be fully retracted due to kink in framework. Other solar array stowed in payload bay and replacement pair -- set of modified spares -- were installed without difficulty. Helms 2 , Mission Specialist 2 Carl J. Meade 3 , Mission Specialist 3 Mark C. SPARTAN is a free-flying retrievable platform with two telescopes to study the solar wind, a continuous stream of electrons, heavy protons and heavy ions ejected from the sun and traveling through space at speeds of almost 1 million miles per hour.

The solar wind frequently causes problems on Earth by disrupting navigation, communications and electrical power. This experiment is designed to directly measure RCS plume loads in the far-field regime under actual on-orbit conditions.

It will provide relative trajectory data on a target vehicle operating in close proximity less than ft of the Orbiter.

The TCS will provide range and range rate data for target vehicles having a reflective surface. Additionally, the TCS provides bearing, bearing rate, attitude, and attitude rates for target vehicles utilizing special retro-reflectors. The Launch window opened at am EDT with a 2 hour 30 min window. The late afternoon launch was scheduled to permit nighttime operation of the LITE laser early in the mission.

The launch was delayed due to launch weather violations near the launch complex LC 39B area. Discovery's empty weight was ,lbs with 3 SSME's and the orbiter weight at liftoff was ,lbs.

Payload weight up was 19,lbs. Orbit: Altitude: nm Inclination: 57 degrees Orbits: Duration: 10 days, 22 hours, 49 minutes, 57 seconds. Distance: 4.

Nose wheel touchdown at p. EDT with a wheel stop at p. The Florida opportunity was waived off due to low clouds and precipitation near the Shuttle Landing Facility. A KSC landing would have involved a deorbit engine firing at p.

CDT, on the flight's th orbit, followed by a touchdown at p. A second opportunity would begin with a p. CDT deorbit burn and result in a p. CDT Florida touchdown. The opportunities for a landing at Edwards began on the th orbit with a deorbit burn at p.

EDT and touchdown at p. A second opportunity would have Discovery fire its engines at p. Four landing opportunities -- two to Florida and two to California -- existed for Discovery on Monday. The first and primary opportunity began with a deorbit burn at p. A second opportunity to land at KSC would have begun with a deorbit burn at p. Central time. The Monday weather forecast for KSC called for a chance of thunderstorms within 30 miles of the landing strip while it calls for acceptable landing weather at Edwards.

The forecast for the later opportunities is similar to today's weather predictions. Discovery's Payload down weight was 19,lbs and the orbiter landing weight was ,lbs. Mission Highlights: On Saturday, September 10, at 9 a.

Before crew members went to sleep, the Lidar In-space Technology Experiment, STS's primary payload, was activated and reported to be in good working condition. Experiment controllers reported that they were receiving "terrific looking returns. This information will help scientists explain the impact of human activity on the atmosphere.

Lidar, an acronym for light detection and ranging is similar to the radar commonly used to track everything from airplanes in flight to thunderstorms. It can be thought of as an optical radar, but instead of bouncing radio waves off its target, lidar uses short pulses of laser light. Some of that light reflects tiny particles in the atmosphere, called aerosols, then back to a telescope aligned with the laser.

By precisely timing the lidar echo and by measuring how much laser light is received by the telescope, scientists can accurately determine the location, distribution and nature of the particle. The result is a revolutionary new tool for studying the composition of Earth's atmosphere.

ROMPS will process crystals in microgravity by transporting a variety of semiconductors from storageracks to furnaces for processing.

Mission Specialist Susan J. The experiment consists of a foot long beam that will be used to characterize and measure the plumes of the steering jets. SPIFEX will be maneuvered on the end of the robot arm to take measurements of 86 separate jet firings. This information will be used by engineers determine the effects of thrusters on large space structures such as the International Space Station.

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Harris and Foale reported the suits and other gear are in excellent shape and ready for the spacewalk. Also, Commander James D. Collins checked out the flight control systems Discovery will use for landing.

The cockpit displays and controls, navigation aids and the shuttle's aerosurfaces were tested and found in excellent shape as well. On Wednesday, Feb 8, at 2 p.

The conversation focused on the missions of the two crews and the success of their rendezvous on Monday. Wetherbee said he especially enjoyed the point in the joint operations when Mir maneuvered to a new attitude while Discovery was circling it.

The six crew members officially began their eight-hour sleep period at p. When they wake for their seventh day in space, Mission Specialists Bernard A. Harris and C. Michael Foale will begin preparing for their four and a half hour spacewalk. Harris and Foale will test improvements in their spacesuits and perform several mass handling exercises.

The two spacewalkers checked out their suits earlier today and confirmed that they were ready for Thursday's activities. The spacewalk will begin around 6 a. Central, shortly after the retrieval of the Spartan satellite. Spartan has been flying free of Discovery since Tuesday morning, collecting data on the interstellar medium. On Thursday, Feb 9, at a. Commander James D. Collins flawlessly eased the shuttle to the Spartan satellite this morning, which had been released from Discovery on Tuesday, to allow astronaut Janice E.

Voss to capture it using the mechanical arm. Voss locked on to the satellite and its cargo of research on the material in interstellar space at a. While free-flying from Discovery, Spartan's Far Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph gathered more than 40 hours of observations to study the interstellar medium, the gas and dust that fills space between stars and planets and of which new such bodies are formed.

Just after the satellite was captured, crewmates C. Michael Foale and Bernard A. Harris began a five-hour spacewalk to test new thermal devices designed to warm their spacesuits and evaluate how well they can manipulate the 3,pound Spartan satellite in weightlessness. On Thursday, Feb 9, at 3 p. Mission Specialists Bernard A. Michael Foale floated into Discovery's payload bay shortly after 6 a. Central to begin the shuttle program's 29th spacewalk.

After arranging their tools in the payload bay, Harris and Foale were lifted out of the payload bay on the robot arm to evaluate how well new space suit undergarments would keep them warm. For the test, Mission Specialist Vladimir C. Titov positioned the arm so that the two spacewalkers were high above and away from the relative warmth of the payload bay. They stayed in position for about 15 minutes, subjectively rating their comfort levels while sensors in their gloves collected objective data that will be compared to temperatures taken of the space environment around them.

For the second part of the spacewalk, Harris conducted a mass handling exercise with the Spartan satellite to gain experience in moving large objects on orbit. While Harris was finishing his portion of the exercise, both astronauts reported that their hands were beginning to get cold. Flight controllers subsequently decided to cancel Foale's mass handling tasks and end the spacewalk early.

Harris and Foale re-entered Discovery's airlock and finished their spacewalk around a. All the information collected during the extravehicular activity will be used to refine and develop spacewalk techniques and systems for future shuttle and International Space Station EVAs.

As the spacewalk was beginning, Mission Specialist Janice E. Voss was using the robot arm to pluck the Spartan satellite from orbit and secure it in the payload bay. Spartan had been flying free of Discovery for two days, collecting information on the material in interstellar space. On Friday, Feb 10, at 7 a. Want more? Advanced embedding details, examples, and help! The STS mission. The Audio Files are named to describe their respective content.